昆明滇池红嘴鸥粪便细菌分离鉴定与耐药性分析

Isolation,Identification and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Fecal Bacteria from Black-Headed Gull( Chroicocephalus ridibundus) in Kunming

2017年1月,在昆明滇池越冬的红嘴鸥排黄色、白色水样稀便,本研究无菌采集红嘴鸥粪便在实验室进行细菌分离培养、染色镜检、提取分离到的菌株核酸进行鉴定、生化鉴定,从10份腹泻红嘴鸥粪便中共分离到70株细菌,根据菌落形态可分为6类细菌,分别从每一类细菌中挑出1株代表性菌株进行鉴定,结果鉴定出这6株细菌分别为大肠杆菌埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、屎肠球菌、志贺氏菌、粘质沙雷氏菌、产酸克雷伯菌。选取氨苄西林、头孢氨苄、头孢拉啶、庆大霉素、卡那霉素、阿米卡星、四环素、氯霉素、环丙沙星、恩诺沙星、磺胺异恶唑、头孢曲松钠药敏纸片,对分离菌株进行耐药性分析,发现细菌对各种抗生素成不同程度敏感性。野鸟携带的条件致病菌,可能会对野生动物健康造成威胁,本研究对腹泻红嘴鸥粪便中携带的条件致病菌及其耐药性进行研究,以期为野鸟携带的细菌的耐药机制提供研究理论依据,同时对野生动物疫病的监测与防控提供指导。

In January 2017,Black-headed gulls(Chroicocephalus ridibundus),wintering at Dianchi Lake,Kunming,China excreted yellow and white watery stools.We used sterile equipment to collect fecal samples from affected gulls,isolated and cultured the bacteria,examined under microscopy,and then extracted the nucleic acid from isolated strains for identification and biochemical identification.We isolated 70 strains of bacteria from 10 fecal samples and identified 6 types of bacteria based on colony morphology.We select one representative strain from each type of bacteria to identify Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus,Enterococcus faecium,Shigella sp.,Serratia marcescens,and Klebsiella oxytosus.We tested the drug resistance of the isolated strains using ampicillin,cephalexin,cefradine,gentamicin,kanamycin,amikacin,tetracycline,chloramphenicol,ciprofloxacin,enrofloxacin,sulfisoxazole,and ceftriaxone sodium.The bacteria were sensitive to various antibiotics.The conditional pathogens carried by wild birds may pose a threat to the health of wild animals.Our study objective was to provide a theoretical basis for research on resistance mechanisms of birds to bacterial pathogens and to guide monitoring and prevention of wildlife diseases.