新建城市轨道交通对居民出行影响分析——基于宁波的调查

Impact and Countermeasures of New-opening Urban Rail Transit on Travel——An Survey Based on Ningbo

对宁波轨道交通1号线开展了乘客流量和出行调查,结果显示,轨道交通沿线的部分常规公交和出租车客流显著减少,而轨道乘客中源自常规公交的比例最高。随着轨道新线路的开通,公共交通的出行量进一步向轨道方式集聚,常规公交和出租车客流持续走低,而小汽车出行则平稳发展。研究表明,宁波轨道交通与常规公交、出租汽车之间形成了无效竞争,而对小汽车出行吸引和替代有待加强,这种状况不利于解决当前的城市交通拥堵问题。建议从网络服务、政策制定、定价引导、体制改革和服务监控等方面进行干预,使轨道交通与其他交通方式协调发展。

In order to understand the impact of the newly opened urban rail transit on different travel modes, passenger travel surveys has been carried out on Line 1 of Ningbo Rail Transit. The results showed that some of the regular bus lines and taxies which competing with rail transit have significantly decreased in passenger flows, and the highest percentage of rail transit passengers originated from regular buses. With the opening of more new rail lines, trips by public transport were further assembled in rail transit, the trips by regular buses and taxies continued to decline, while trips by cars increased steadily. The research showed that competition between rail transit and other public transit modes was ineffective, and rail transit failure to replace private car travels, which are the main cause of traffic jams. Some suggestions were put forward to coordinate the development of rail transit and other modes of transportation from the aspects of: network service, policy making, pricing strategy, system reform and service monitoring.