多车型多行程需求可拆分的应急疏散车辆调度

Scheduling of Emergency Evacuation Vehicles with Multiple Vehicle Types and Multiple Trips and Split Delivery

为解决应急疏散车辆紧缺条件下的多批次车辆调度问题,使受灾人员被迅速地疏散至避难所,在考虑应急车辆容量差异的基础上,构建了多目标的多行程、多时间窗、需求可拆分的应急疏散车辆调度模型.通过引入虚拟站点的方式,简化了延误损失计算过程,并总结了数学模型最优解的特征.结合最优解的特征设计了改进的遗传算法对模型求解,并进行了算例分析.结果表明:所提出的算法能够有效对数学模型进行求解且具有良好稳定性,能够为应急车辆的多批次调度问题提供一定的决策指导和参考.

In order to solve the multistage vehicle scheduling problem under the condition that emergency vehicles are not enough and make all the victims evacuated quickly to the shelter,a vehicle scheduling model with split delivery and multiple trips and multiple time windows was established based on the condition that different vehicles have different capacities.By proposing the definition of virtual sites,the calculation process of delay loss was simplified,and the characteristics of the optimal solutions of the mathematical model were analyzed.Then an improved genetic algorithm was designed,in which the characteristics of the optimal solutions were used to standardize the format of the solutions.The validity of the model and algorithm were verified by an example.The result shows that the improved algorithm can effectively solve the mathematical model with excellent stability,which means that the mathematical model and algorithm can provide decision-making guidance for multi-stage scheduling problem of emergency vehicles.