多元文化背景下医学院校辅导员工作怠倦调查与分析

Investigation and analysis of work burnout of counselors in medical colleges under multicultural background

目的:探讨医学院校辅导员工作怠倦状况,分析不同变量在情感耗竭、玩世不恭和成就感低落3个维度上的差异。方法:采用工作倦怠量表,在安徽省、江苏省、浙江省随机抽取10所医学院校378名在职辅导员进行问卷调查。结果:医学院校辅导员工作怠倦属于中度怠倦。不同年龄、性别、工作年限、职级的辅导员在工作怠倦的3个维度上均存在统计学差异(P <0. 01);且呈随着年龄增长玩世不恭维度得分也随之增多;女辅导员在情感耗竭、玩世不恭和成就感低落3个维度上得分均高于男性辅导员;工作年限5～10年辅导员情绪耗竭得分显著高于其他工作年限组(P <0. 01),<3年组得分低于3～<5年组(P <0. 01);工作年限<3年组、3～<5年组和5～10年组成就感低落得分依次降低(P <0. 05～P <0. 01);随着职级增高情绪耗竭得分降低(P <0. 05～P <0. 01);副科级玩世不恭得分高于科员和正科级(P <0. 01和P <0. 05);不同学历的医学院校辅导员在情绪耗竭得分上博士、硕士、本科依次降低(P <0. 01);在玩世不恭维度得分差异无统计学意义(P> 0. 05);在成就感低落得分博士、硕士、本科依次升高(P <0. 01)。结论:医学院校辅导员工作怠倦属于中度怠倦,其不同变量上差异对医学院校辅导员队伍建设、职业化专业建设和医学院校辅导员身心健康发展有着理论指导意义。

Objective: To explore the work burnout of counselors in medical college,and analyze the differences among different variables in three dimensions of emotional depletion,cynicism,and low achievement. Methods: Three hundred and seventy-eight on-thejob counselors from 10 medical colleges in Anhui,Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces were investigated using Maslach et al made,Lichaoping revised MBI-GS( Maach Burnout Invent-General Survey) job burnout scale. Results: Job burnout of counselors in medical colleges was moderate. The differences of three dimensions of job burnout in different ages,genders,working years and grades counselors were statistically significant( P < 0. 01),and the score of cynicism increased with the increasing of age. The scores of emotional exhaustion,cynicism and reduced personal accomplishment in female counselors were higher than those in male counselors( P < 0. 01),the scores of emotional exhaustion in counselors with 5 to 10 years working age were significantly higher than those in other working ages group( P < 0. 01),and the emotional exhaustion score in less than 3 years group was lower than that in 3 to < 5 years group( P <0. 01). The scores of reduced personal accomplishment in working years < 3 group,3 to < 5 years group and 5 to 10 years group gradually decreased in turn( P < 0. 05 to P < 0. 01). With the increasing of rank,the emotional exhaustion score gradually decreased( P < 0. 05 to P < 0. 01). The score of cynicism in deputy level counselors was higher than those in clerical and professional counselors( P < 0. 01 and P < 0. 05). The scores of emotional exhaustion in doctor,master and undergraduate medical college counselors gradually decreased in turn,and the difference of which was statistically significant( P < 0. 01),there was no statistical significance in the score of cynical dimensions( P > 0. 05),and the scores of reduced personal accomplishment in doctorate,master degree and undergraduate degree counselors gradually increased in turn( P < 0. 01). Conclusions: The work burnout of medical college counselors is moderate,and the difference in different variables has theoretical guiding significance in the construction of medical college counselors, professional construction,and physical and mental health development of medical college counselors.