授权教育结合家庭支持对急性心肌梗死恢复期病人自护能力及遵医行为的影响

Effect of authorized education combined with family support on the self-care ability and compliance behavior in patients with acute myocardial infarction

目的:探讨授权教育结合家庭支持对急性心肌梗死(AMI)病人恢复期自护能力及遵医行为的影响。方法:选取84例AMI恢复期病人,根据随机数字表将病人分为观察组(n=42)及对照组(n=42),对照组应用常规性护理干预,观察组在对照组的基础上应用授权教育结合家庭支持进行护理干预,分别于干预前后应用自护能力量表、自制遵医行为评定问卷、心绞痛生存质量测量量表(SAQ)对2组病人自护能力、遵医行为、生活质量进行评价。结果:干预前2组病人自护能力总评分及各维度评分差异均无统计学意义(P> 0. 05);干预后,2组病人自护能力总评分及各维度评分均显著提高(P <0. 05～P <0. 01),且观察组病人自护能力总评分及各维度评分均显著高于对照组(P <0. 01)。干预后,观察组合理饮食、按时服药、适量运动、定期复查、戒烟限酒等遵医行为率均显著高于对照组(P <0. 01)。干预前2组病人SAQ总评分及各维度评分差异均无统计学意义(P> 0. 05);干预后,2组病人SAQ总评分及各维度评分均显著提高(P <0. 05～P <0. 01),且观察组病人SAQ总评分及各维度评分均显著高于对照组(P <0. 01)。结论:授权教育结合家庭支持能有效提高AMI病人自护能力及遵医行为,从而改善病人生活质量。

Objective: To explore the effects of authorized education combined with family support on the self-care ability and compliance behavior in patients with acute myocardial infarction( AMI) during convalescence. Methods: Eighty-four patients with AMI during convalescence were divided into the observation group( n = 42) and control group( n = 42) according to the random number table. The control group was nursed with routine method,and the observation group was nursed with authorized education combined with family support based on control group. The levels of self-care ability,compliance behavior,quality of life in two groups were evaluated using self-care ability( ESCA) scale,compliance behavior questionnaire and angina pectoris quality of life scale( SAQ) before and after intervention. Results: The differences of the self-care ability and each dimension scores between two groups before intervention were not statistically significant( P > 0. 05). After intervention,the self-care ability and each dimension scores in two groups were improved( P <0. 05 to P < 0. 01),and which in observation group was significantly higher than that in control group( P < 0. 01). After intervention,the compliance behavior rate( including reasonable diet,timely medication,suitable exercise,regular checking,giving up smoking and limiting alcohol) in observation group was significantly higher than that in control group( P < 0. 01). The differences of the SAQ and each dimension scores between two groups before intervention were not statistically significant( P > 0. 05). After intervention,the SAQ and each dimension scores in two groups were improved( P < 0. 05 to P < 0. 01),and which in observation group was significantly higher than that in control group( P < 0. 01). Conclusions: Authorized education combined with family support can effectively improve the selfcare ability and compliance behavior of AMI patients,so as to improve the quality of life of patients.