深圳市龙华新区医护人员职业倦怠现状及其与医患关系分析

Investigation on the status quo of job burnout and its correlation with doctor-patient relatronship of medical staffs in Longhua new district

目的:探讨深圳市龙华新区医护人员的职业倦怠现状及其与医患关系的相关性。方法:选取500名深圳龙华新区医护人员作为调查对象,采用职业倦怠量表MBI-SS评估所有被调查对象的职业倦怠情况,比较不同人口学特征职业倦怠各维度评分情况,根据评分情况分为职业倦怠组与正常组,采用医患关系量表DDPRQ-10进行评分,并讨论职业倦怠与医患关系的相关性。结果:49. 2%(246/500)的医护人员职业倦怠总评分高于临界值,情感衰竭、玩世不恭评分较临界值略高,成就感低落评分略低于临界值;不同性别、年龄、工龄、工种均与医护人员职业倦怠有关(P <0. 05～P <0. 01)。职业倦怠组医护人员病人/家属客观行为、医务人主观感受、客观行为与主观感受结合3个维度及总医患关系评分均较正常组明显降低(P <0. 01);Pearson相关分析显示,职业倦怠各维度评分与医患关系各维度评分均正相关(P <0. 05)。结论:加强医护人员思想教育,缓解工作中的厌烦情绪,规范病人及家属行为,是医院解决医护人员职业倦怠及构建和谐医患关系的重中之重。

Objective: To explore the status quo of job burnout and its correlation with doctor-patient relationship of medical staff in Longhua new district. Methods: The status quo of job burnout of 500 medical staffs in Longhua new district was investigated,and assessed using the job burnout scale( MBI-SS). The dimension score of job burnout among different demographic characteristics was compared,and the medical staffs were divided into the job burnout group and normal group according to the job burnout score. The correlation between job burnout and doctor-patient relationship was analyzed using the doctor-patient relationship scale( DDPRQ-10).Results: The total score of job burnout of 49. 2% of medical staffs was higher than the critical value. The scores of emotional exhaustion and cynicism were slightly higher than the critical value,and the score of low achievement was slightly lower than the critical value. The different sex,age,work age and type of work were related to the job burnout of medical staffs( P < 0. 05 to P < 0. 01). In the job burnout group,the scores of the three dimensions( the objective behavior of patients and family member,subjective feeling of medical personnel and combined of objective behavior with subjective feeling) and total doctor-patient relationship significantly decreased compared with the normal group( P < 0. 01). Pearson correlation analysis showed that the scores of three dimensions of job burnout were positively correlated with the scores of three dimensions of doctor-patient relationship( P < 0. 05). Conclusions: Strengthening the ideological education of the medical staffs,relieving the boredom in the work,and regulating the behavior of patients and their families are the most important task in solving the job burnout of medical staffs,and building a harmonious relationship between doctor and patient.