基于图像处理的土壤颜色判别方法研究

Soil color discrimination method based on image processing

基于土壤颜色定量化测定的重要性,利用图像处理技术设计一种简单而准确的土壤颜色测定方法。为验证该方法的可行性,以江西省6种母质发育水稻土为试验对象,分别采用目测比色法和改进后的方法进行土壤颜色测定,结果表明:不同母质发育水稻土R、G、B值区间分别为166.4～177.6、146.1～153.5和96.1～124.2。同一种土壤犁底层R值均显著大于其耕作层土壤R值;同一土壤采用目测比色法测得的颜色类型数均大于改进后的方法测得的颜色类型数,12种土样采用改进后的方法测定的颜色类型数平均值为1.4,而采用目测比色法得到的颜色类型数平均值为4.6,故与传统目测比色法相比,改进后的方法能显著提高土壤颜色判别的准确性。上述结果佐证改进后的方法克服了目测比色法测定过程中因为观察者个体视觉差异带来的误差问题,提高了颜色测定的准确性,同时又具备其简单易行的优点。

In the present study,considering the importance of the quantificational measurement of soil color,a new soil color classification method based on image processing techniques was designed.To verify the feasibility of this method,soil samples derived from six kinds of soil parent materials were measured color using the traditional method and the modified method.The results showed that the R、G、B values of paddy soil derived from different kinds of parent materials were respectively between 166.4 and 177.6,between 146.1 and 153.5,between 96.1 and 124.2.The R values of the soil in plow pan were much larger than that in plough layer(P<0.05).For the same sample,the number of soil color types measured by the visual method were more than that measured by the modified method.For these 12 soil samples,the average number of color types using the modified method was 1.4,while the mean number of soil color types measured by the traditional method was 4.6.So compared with the visual method,the modified method significantly improved the accuracy of soil color classification(P<0.05).The result proved that compared with the traditional recommended method,the accuracy and repeatability of the modified method were significantly improved as the otherness resulted from observers’vision disparity was overcame and the method was simple in operation.