广西大新县锰矿区植物群落调查

A Survey of Plant Communities in Daxin Manganese Mine, Guangxi

为了解锰矿区的植被情况,为矿区的植物生态修复提供依据,在广西大新县锰矿区选择7个样地的植物群落进行调查研究,从乔灌草3个层次分析植物群落的优势种重要值、物种组成、多样性指数和生长特征。结果表明:大新县锰矿区物种组成较为丰富,记录有维管束植物131种,隶属于73科103属,以大戟科为优势,从优势种重要值看,群落各物种优势度不突出;Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Simpson优势度指数、Pielou均匀度指数和Margalef丰富度指数乔木层分别是1.75、0.72、0.79、2.36,灌木层是2.07、0.84、0.91、3.04,草本层是1.55、066、0.54、2.84,可见灌木层的多样性高、物种分布相对较为均匀丰富。生长特征方面,乔木层树木偏矮小,高度多在10 m以下,胸径以小径级为主、大径级缺乏;灌木层以乔木幼苗幼树居多,平均高度1 m以下;草本层平均盖度53.6%、高度不超过1m。

Seven plant communities were investigated in the manganese mines,Daxin county,Guangxi.The important values,species composition,diversity index and growth characteristics in three layers of dominant species of plant communities were analyzed from three levels of arborvitae to understand the vegetation situation in the manganese mines and provide basic information for plant ecological rehabilitation in the mining area.Results showed that the species composition was abundant in the areas with 131 vascular species belong to 103 genera and 73 families,and species from Eup-horbiaceae dominated the communities.Dominant species′IV represented even distribution.The indices of Shannon-Wiener,Simpson,Pielou and Margalf in tree layer were 1.75,0.72,0.79,2.36,respectively,2.07,0.84,0.91,3.04 in shrub layer,respectively,and 1.55,066,0.54,2.84 in herb layer,respectively.The shrub layer had highest diversity and species richness.Most trees were short with the height under 10 m and the DBH was small.The mean height of shrub layer was below 1 m mainly consisting of seedlings and young trees,while the average coverage of the herb layer was 53.6%and the height was no more than 1 m.