刑事诉讼信息共建共享问题研究

Research on Issues of the Co-construction and Sharing of Criminal Procedure Information

对比司法信息化建设整体迅猛发展,刑事诉讼信息的共建共享明显滞后,公检法机关的信息化建设呈现信息孤岛现象。这造成司法资源的大量浪费,成为阻碍司法信息化发展的基础性难题。刑事诉讼信息互联互通协议是指公安、检察院、法院等办案机关就办案信息共享和传递问题达成共识。这种协议可以有效地打破刑事办案机关之间的数据壁垒,是推进刑事诉讼共建共享的现实路径。协议需要充分应对信息共建共享可能给以审判为中心的诉讼架构、卷宗移送模式、控辩平等关系、司法责任带来的负面效应,协调技术理性和司法规律的关系。同时,刑事诉讼信息共建共享在运行中需处理好以下具体问题:建议将政法委作为协议主责机关,制定长远的发展计划;进一步推动卷宗电子化;实行涉案财物统一管理;妥善解决信息保密问题。

In contrast to the rapid development of the construction of judicial informatization,the co-construction and sharing of criminal procedure information is obviously lagging behind.The informatization construction of criminal conducting authorities appears to be an isolated information island.This has caused serious waste of judicial resources and has become a fundamental problem hindering the overall construction of judicial informationization.The Criminal Procedure Information Interconnection Agreement refers to the consensus about the sharing and transmission of criminal information,approved by the public security,the procuratorate,and the court.The Agreement can effectively break the data barrier between criminal case handling agencies,which is a practical path promoting the co-construction and sharing of criminal procedure information.The formulation of the Agreement must coordinate the relationship between the technical rationality and the judicial principle.More specifically,it must properly cope with the potential negative effects of the co-construction and sharing of criminal procedure information,on trial-centered procedure system,transfer of case materials and evidence,equality between prosecution and defense,and judicial accountability.Meanwhile,the co-construction and sharing of criminal procedure information must handle the following problems in operation:proposing the Political and Legal Committee as the main authority of the agreement to formulate long-term development plans;further promoting the electronic production of criminal case files;implementing unified management of the physical evidence;and properly handling the issues of information confidentiality.