半封闭海湾围填海对水动力环境的影响分析

Effects of Reclamation on Hydrodynamic Environment in Semi-Closed Bay

以东山湾为例,采用平面二维数学模型,从潮流、纳潮量和水交换3个方面探讨湾内围填海对东山湾水动力环境的影响.研究结果表明:随着填海面积的增加,影响范围及程度不断增大;湾口海域对填海区位置及填海范围的响应较为敏感,当填海范围扩大到湾口海域后,纳潮量减少10%以上,大潮平均水交换率均减小8.82%,小潮平均水交换率减小13.33%,易影响湾内的污染物扩散能力,从而引发水质和生态问题.

This paper investigates the hydrodynamic environment changes of the tide current,the tidal prism and the water exchange of Dongshan Bay after the reclamation,using a 2 D numerical flow model.The results indicate that extent and degree of the project impact increase continually with the increasing of the reclamation area.The hydrodynamic environment of bay mouth area is sensitive to the position and extent of the reclamation works.When the reclamation area extends to the bay mouth,the tidal prism could decrease more than 10%.Additionally,the averaged water exchange rate of tide flows is reduced by 8.82%in the spring tide,and reduced by 13.33%in the neap tide.The results suggest that the diffusion capacity of pollutants in Dongshan Bay could be easily affected by the reclamation works,which may lead to a series of water quality and ecological issues.