五四作家“双重智慧”的知识学考察——以读书求学时期为中心

The Investigation of May Fourth Writers' Double Wisdom Focusing on Their Period of Reading and Studying

通过考察五四作家的教育经历,发掘他们在读书求学时期所读的书籍、修过的课程,以理清他们知识的来源、种类及不同时期对其知识结构形成的影响,从知识学的角度探讨五四一代作家"双重智慧"形成的原因。启蒙教育阶段,五四作家的知识结构主要由中国传统文化知识构成单一的一维;进入国内新式学校之后他们才开始有西方现代知识的一维,他们开始接触现代自然科学技术课程、外国文学艺术、外国语等新知识,继续学习传统文化知识,主动接受新思想;国外留学教育中,他们深入学习外国语与自然科学知识,大量阅读优秀的中外文学作品,热心翻译工作。通过三个教育阶段的知识积淀,最终为其文学艺术上的融贯古今、会通中西奠定了扎实的基础。

By investigating the May fourth writers education experience,exploring their reading and studying,people will clarify the source,type,and influence of their knowledge structure at different times.From the perspective of knowledge,this paper discusses the reasons for the formation of the“double wisdom”of May Fourth writers.At the stage of enlightenment education,the knowledge structure of the May Fourth writers mainly consists of a single one-dimensional Chinese traditional cultural knowledge.After entering the new domestic schools,they began to have one dimension of Western modern knowledge.In the education of studying abroad,they have in-depth knowledge of foreign languages and natural sciences,read a large number of excellent Chinese and foreign literary works,and are enthusiastic about translation work.Through the accumulation of knowledge in the three stages of education,it finally laid a solid foundation for the integration of ancient and modern literature and art,and the communication between China and the West.