中朝儿童抗日叙事比较研究初探——以《小兵张嘎》与《她当时九岁》为例

Comparative Research on Children's Anti-Japanese Literature between China and DPRK——A case study of “Zhang Ga the Soldier Boy” and “When She Was Nine Years Old”

抗日文学是20世纪东亚的重要主题,具有宝贵的历史价值和文学价值。而儿童抗日叙事文学作为其中重要的分支,相关研究成果还比较少,尤其是比较研究还处于空白阶段。中国的《小兵张嘎》与朝鲜的《她当时九岁》作为两国20世纪儿童抗日叙事文学的代表作品,都以U型叙事结构展现了儿童的革命成长,在塑造革命小英雄形象上都是对传统英雄原型的演绎。但在叙事时间上,又分别呈现出直线型和循环式的不同形态,在社会空间的构筑上记录了不同的历史细节,在心理空间的建构上突出了性别的显著特征,这些艺术表现手法为作品色彩渲染、人物形象塑造、主题升华等起到了不同的作用。由此,抗日儿童叙事文学的历史意义和现实意义显现得更为清晰。

n 20 centuries,Japan started the aggression to China and Korea,which becomes the common memories for that time,and at the same time,resistance against Japanese aggression is a time word,and anti-Japanese is key literature theme simultaneously.Although historical and literary value of this literary output is very significant,no comparison researching between Chinese and Korea stories about resistance against Japanese aggression exists now,especially on children's anti-Japanese literature.As the representative works of children's anti-Japanese narrative literature in the 20th century,the Chinese literature“Zhang Ga the Soldier Boy”and Korea“When she was nine years old”showed the same narrative structure in the narrative of children's revolutionary growth and shaped the prototype of the anti-Japanese revolutionary hero in the same way.Meanwhile,they show different characteristics of linear and circular in the narrative time,and they also show their own characteristics in the construction of social space and psychological space in text.They have played different roles in color rendering,character image creation,and theme sublimation.