北宋中前期洪州的经济发展格局——以乡的数量变化及其分布为中心

The Economic Development Pattern of Hongzhou in the Early Period of the Northern Song Dynasty——Focusing on the Changes and Distribution of Xiang′s Number

北宋中前期,乡仍保持有相当程度的行政职能,"乡系户口"的功能也并未消失,乡数的增减与地域经济开发有较为紧密的联动关系,可通过其数量变化及分布情况揭示某一地区在这一时期的经济发展格局。元丰年间,洪州所属七县共辖八十一乡,利用墓志铭、买地券、地理总志、游记、登科录等材料可考证出其中七十个乡并确定其位置。通过分析乡的空间分布及乡数变化表,可知北宋中前期洪州的经济表现出东高西低的格局,开发的重点地区是彭蠡湖(宫亭湖)南部的湖区和锦江与赣江的交汇区。通常情况下,越靠近河流和行政中心的地区,乡的分布越密集,经济状况越好;在一县之内,经济发展程度亦存在相当程度的差别。

In the early days of the Northern Song Dynasty,Xiang still maintained a considerable degree of"administrative functions".Xiang attaching to account function has not disappeared,and the number of rural areas with the regional economic development has a more closely linked relationship,it can be through its number changes and their distribution reveals a region in the early days of the Northern Song Dynasty economic development pattern.In Yuanfeng years,the seven counties belonging to Hongzhou jurisdicted over eighty-one Xiang,by the use of epitaph,buying vouchers,geography,travel,Deng Ke recorded materials,we can test out of seventy Xiang.By analyzing the distribution map of the Xiang and the change of the number of Xiang,it is considered that the economy of Hongzhou in the early period of the Northern Song Dynasty shows the pattern of the east and the west.The key areas for development are the lake area in the south of the Penglai Lake(Gongting Lake)and the intersection of the Jinjiang River and the Ganjiang River.In general,the closer the township to the rivers and administrative centers is,more densely distributed the township and the better the economy is.Within a county,there are also differences in the degree of economic development.