秦汉时期农业生产中的虫灾害及治理研究

Insect Disaster and Control Methods in Agricultural Production of Qin and Han Dynasties

秦汉是我国农业生产中虫灾害的第一个高发期,当时的人们在农业生产实践中逐渐认识到害虫的产生与湿度、风向密切相关。通过对秦汉农业生产中的蝗灾、螟灾详细统计的基础上,辨析了农业生产中的害虫名称及种类,指出人们基于生物链原理的生态防虫和唯物主义思想指导下的人工治虫等观念和技术,这是古代农业生态认知水平纵深发展的重要标志,也是传统生态农业理论由零散走向系统,由经验升华为哲理的重要成果。

Qin and Han Dynasties were the first period of high frequency of insect disasters in China’s agricultural production,and people gradually realized that the occurrence of insect pests was closely related to humidity and wind direction.On the basis of statistics of locust and moth infestation in agricultural production in Qin and Han dynasties,the paper discriminates the names and types of pests in agricultural production,and points out that concepts and technologies such as ecological pest control based on the principle of biological chain and artificial pest control under the guidance of materialism are an important symbol of the development of ancient agricultural ecological cognition and an important achievement of ancient ecological agriculture theory from scattered to systematic,from experience to philosophy.