国有林场改革成效评价——职工获得感的统计分析

Evaluation on the Effectiveness of State-owned Forest Farm Reform:Statistical Analysis of Employees' Sense of Gain

利用国有林场职工监测数据,基于物质维度和精神维度,从改革后职工自身的收益情况、职工对林场的整体评价、职工对林场管理方式的评价等方面,采用比较分析法和主成分分析法对国有林场改革职工获得感进行分析。研究结果表明:国有林场改革后职工获得感有所提升,改革进程与职工获得感呈强正相关性,改革促进了林场的可持续发展。但林场整体基础设施环境一般,场部相对较好,管护站点则较差。同时,在领导班子建设方面应注重自主、公平,仍需提高领导水平。

⑴Background--Most state-owned forest farms have problems in both the management system and the economic level in the process of development.In 2015,the“State-owned Forest Farm Reform Plan”was officially issued,focusing on the two major goals of protecting the ecology and safeguarding the lives of staff.The employees of state-owned forest farms are the implementers and promoters of the reform policy.The employees sense of gain brought by the reform is directly related to the success or failure of state-owned forest farm reform.⑵Methods--The data comes from the“State-owned Forest Farm Management and Reform Questionnaire”conducted by the State Forestry Administration from 2013 to 2017,and paper questionnaires were distributed to participants who participated in the annual training courses on the quality of state-owned forest farm directors and workers held regularly by provinces and municipalities.By the end of 2017,the survey covered 32 provinces,autonomous regions,and municipalities directly under the central government,and a total of 939 questionnaires were collected.Through comparative analysis,the employees sense of gain of state-owned forest farm reform was evaluated from both material and spiritual dimensions.Descriptive statistics analysis was used to analyze the effectiveness of state-owned forest farm reform.Principal component analysis was used to explore the correlation between the effectiveness of state-owned forest farm reform and the employees sense of gain.⑶Results--The average annual income of employees in the surveyed forest farms is about 30 000 to 40 000 yuan.With the continuous advancement of reform,the annual income of forest farm employees has increased steadily,and the proportion of high-income employees has increased year by year.The overall evaluation of forest farms by most employees after the reform is good,and the improvement of the working environment of employees has brought about an improvement in the employees sense of gain.The satisfaction of employees in the management of forest farms is getting better.The staffing of state-owned forest farms are more reasonable.The leadership team is more harmonious,and the sense of fairness of employees in the work process has improved.The adjustment of the decision-making method also enhances the sense of democratic gain of employees.After the reform,the infrastructure construction of state-owned forest farms has improved.When the leading group of state-owned forest farms decides on major issues,they follow the party s mass line and the decision-making process is more democratic.The total annual income of forest farms has steadily increased,and the proportion of forest farms with income exceeding 5 million has increased year by year.The average age of education for forest farm leaders has increased,and the introduction of forest management talents is emphasized.The reform process has a strong positive correlation with the employees sense of gain,and the reform has promoted the sustainable development of forest farms.⑷Conclusions and Discussions--In terms of employees perception,the production and living conditions of employees after the state-owned forest farm reform have indeed improved.The income of employees has increased.Employees are basically satisfied with the reform.Their sense of gain in economy,environment,achievements,fairness and democracy has improved.In terms of reform effectiveness,the reform effectiveness in water,electricity,road,housing,network and other infrastructure construction of forest farms,policy input of forest farms,decision-making methods of leading group,and talent team construction is more obvious.The impact of the state-owned forest farm reform process on employees sense of gain is more obvious,and the infrastructure construction has a strong correlation with the sense of gain.Although the effectiveness of the state-owned forest farm reform is significant,there are still many forest farms that still have problems such as poor infrastructure environment and low decision-making autonomy of the leadership team.