资源紧约束背景下超大城市乡村振兴战略和规划策略的思考——以上海为例

Research on Rural Revitalization Strategy and Planning Measure in Megacities under the Stringent Resource Constraints:A Case Study of Shanghai

在实施"上海2035"总体规划的背景下,上海城乡一体化进入了新的发展阶段。乡村地区是上海大都市的重要组成部分,也是上海城乡统筹发展的短板,现状底数不清、村庄规划滞后、建设用地减量、存量土地盘活困难等问题制约了乡村发展,迫切需要遵循乡村自身发展规律,在资源紧约束背景下,探索具有时代特征、中国特色、上海特点的超大城市郊区乡村振兴和城乡融合发展之路。在对标全球知名城市乡村,借鉴国内乡村建设先进经验,结合上海乡村自身特点的基础上,提出乡村是卓越全球城市的生态功能、人文功能和创新功能的重要承载区,是生态之城的绿色本底,是村民生产、生活、创业空间。加强上海乡村振兴规划与"上海2035"总体规划的对接,把握好规划底线约束,保持规划适度弹性,优化城乡功能布局,推进上海乡村规划"多规合一",积极探索在资源紧约束背景下实施乡村振兴的空间规划和管理新模式。

Under the background of implementing 2035 Shanghai Master Plan,Shanghai urban-rural integration has entered a new stage of development.Rural area is an important part of Shanghai metropolis and also a shortcoming of Shanghai’s overall urban and rural development.A series of factors restrict Shanghai’s rural development,including obscure status quo,lags in village planning,reduction of construction land,and difficulties in revitalizing land stocks,which make it urgent to identify and follow the laws of rural development.Under the background of tight resource constraints,we should explore the path of rural revitalization and urban-rural integration in the suburbs of the megacities.It is essential to learn the experience of the world’s most famous cities and villages,draw on the advanced experience of domestic rural construction and combine with the characteristics of Shanghai’s rural areas.The village is an important area carrying the ecological function,human function and innovative function of the excellent global city.It is the green base of the ecological city and the space for villagers to produce,live and start businesses.It is necessary to strengthen the connection between Shanghai Rural Revitalization Plan and Shanghai 2035 Master Plan.It is needed to grasp the constraints of the bottom line of the plan,maintain the appropriate flexibility of the plan,optimize the layout of urban and rural functions,promote the multi-standard integration of rural planning in Shanghai,and actively explore and implement the new spatial planning and management model for rural revitalization under the background of resource constraint.