自我言说与自我救赎——中国古代诗歌的情感慰藉功用

Self-Expression and Self-Salvation: The Emotional Comfort Function of Chinese Ancient Poetry

中国古代诗歌与诗人自身经历有着密切关联,具有鲜明的非虚构性特征。这种自我言说式的诗歌对作者来说具有情感慰藉功用,使诗人在一定程度上获得了自我救赎,主要表现为:诗歌通过自我倾诉和情感的客观化、审美化而具有在人生挫败时抒发愤懑和排解情绪的功用;诗歌通过对异代知己的追慕与期待,以及回归自然、物我交融的方式消解诗人的孤独感;作为儒家文化中立言不朽的重要方式,诗歌以其塑造生动鲜活自我形象的特点消解死亡的宿命带来的恐惧感和幻灭感。中国古代诗歌的自我言说方式和自我救赎功能与叙事文学不同,与西方诗歌也有很大差异,具有中国文化的特殊性。

Ancient Chinese poetry is closely related to the poet's own experience and has distinct non-fiction features.This kind of self-expression has the function of emotional comfort to the author,which makes the poets obtain self-salvation to a certain extent.This is mainly manifested in three aspects:Firstly,through self-talk and the objectification and beautification of emotion,poetry has the function of expressing anger and resentment in life frustration.Secondly,the poem dissolves the loneliness of the poet through the pursuit and expectation of the bosom friends of different generations,as well as the way of returning to the nature and the integration of things and people.Thirdly,in Confucian culture which has no belief in God ,Poetry,with its vivid self-image,can eliminate the sense of fear and disillusionment caused by the fate of death.In a word,the self-expression mode and self-redemption function of ancient Chinese poetry,which has the particularity of Chinese culture,are different from narrative literature,and are quite different from western poetry.