论卢梭的自然主义思想——以卢梭作品中的饮食观为例

A Study on the Thought of Rousseau's Naturalism:Dietary Philosophy in Rousseau's Works

法国启蒙思想家让-雅克·卢梭深受自然主义思想的影响,在其作品中提出了一套既有浓郁的自然主义色彩,也有中国饮食哲学智慧的饮食观:以视觉效果和听觉效应为先,对饮食进行优劣评判;食能以时,抱朴从简;在满足基本生存需求之后,仍需追求精神的快乐。卢梭饮食观的形成主要受到地理环境、个人经历以及"中国风"因素等多方面的影响。其尊重自然、顺应自然的饮食观,可以为当下人类生活方式的进步提供颇具价值的哲学思考。

Deeply influenced by the naturalism,Jean-Jacques Rousseau,the great French philosopher in the Age of Enlightenment,put forward a set of unique dietary ideas in his works,which involved standpoints with distinct naturalism and the wisdom of Chinese dietetic philosophy.Based on the vision-and-hearing-effect sensory aesthetic system ,Rousseau assessed the quality of dietary and advocated the dietary philosophy that diet should be prescribed according to different time and changing seasons,as well as stay plain and simple as far as possible.He also mentioned that spiritual pleasure should be pursued after the basic survival needs were satisfied.The formation of his thought was mainly shaped by the influences of geographical environment,personal experience and "Chinoiserie".The outlook on respecting and conforming to nature can provide valuable philosophical reflection for the progress of current human living style.