深圳市福田区中学生肺结核流行病学特征分析

Epidemiological analysis of tuberculosis in middle school students in Futian district of Shenzhen city

目的了解2011-2015年福田区中学生肺结核流行病学特征,为制定更加有效的学校结核病防控措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病方法,通过Excel 2007和SPSS软件对2011-2015年福田区登记的中学生肺结核患者进行流行病学特征分析。结果 2011-2015年,福田区中学生肺结核年均发病率为15.27/10万,5年间,中学生肺结核发病率差异无统计学意义(χ~2=2.47,P>0.05);男生发病率高于女生发病率(χ~2=4.06,P<0.05);高中生肺结核发病率高于初中生发病率(χ~2=15.62,P<0.05);学生病例发现以转诊为主,占40%;发病时间以4、5月为主;学生治疗成功率达95%。结论福田区肺结核防控工作取得了一定成果,全人群结核病发病率呈下降趋势,而学生发病率无明显变化,应加大学校肺结核的防控力度。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis in middle school students in Futian District from 2011 to 2015,and to provide scientific basis for the development of more effective tuberculosis prevention and control measures in schools.Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was employed and the epidemiological characteristics of tuberculosis patients among high school students registered in Futian District from 2011 to 2015 were analyzed by using Excel 2007 and SPSS softwares.Results From 2011 to 2015,the average annual incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis among middle school students in Futian District was about 15.27/10 million,no significant difference was observed between years(χ^2=2.47,p>0.05),the incidence of boys was higher than that of girls(χ^2=4.06,p<0.05)and the incidence of senior high school students was higher than that of junior high school students(χ^2=15.62,p<0.05).Referrals were the main way in the student patient,account for 40%,which were prevalent in April and May.The success rate of treatment among students was about 95%.Conclusion Tuberculosis prevention and control in Futian District have achieved some results.The incidence of tuberculosis in the whole population showed a downward trend while the incidence in students has no obvious change.It is essential to increase the intensity of prevention and treatment of tuberculosis in schools.