美国近期严重流感疫情引发的思考

Reflections on influenza epidemic in the USA

2017年底美国甲型流感(H3N2为主)开始在局部地区爆发以来,到2018年2月底达到"广泛传播"级别,已累计有24644人因流感住院,约每100万人中就有863人因流感住院,已造成119例儿童死亡,这是美国十年来最严重的一场流感疫情。我国本季流感也较既往三年严重。作者简述了美国流感和我国流感的疫情概况,分析了美国流感疫情严重的主要原因。鉴于影像检查在流感肺炎诊断和疗效评价的重要作用,综述了多发的甲型流感肺炎的影像学表现和特点,即以磨玻璃影及实变最常见,并常见小叶间隔增厚和胸腔积液等,治疗后病变吸收,可遗留条索阴影。浅谈了本季流感带给我们的启示,包括我国还需加强推广流感疫苗接种,充分发挥各级医疗卫生机构的作用和加强全民健康教育等。

Influenza epidemic in the latest season in the USA is the most serious one in recent 10 years.And in China,the latest influenza epidemic is more serious than those in past 3 years.In this article,the authors briefly introduce the epidemics of influenza in both the USA and China and analyze the main causes of serious epidemic of influenza in the USA.Due to the important role of radiological examinations in the diagnosis and therapeutic efficacy assessment of influenza pneumonia,we also review the imaging demonstrations of type A influenza pneumonia,including the most common ground glass opacity and consolidation opacity and the common findings of lobular septal thickening and pleural effusion as well as cords like opacity after lesion absorption.The latest influenza epidemic indicates that promotion of influenza vaccination is necessary.Meanwhile,medical and health institutions of all levels should exert their own responsibilities and more health education campaigns are needed.