一流学科建设的三种导向:价值的冲突与统一

Conflict and Unity of Values,and the Three Guiding Principles in the First-class Discipline Construction

一流学科建设涉及政府、高校和学者三个主体,不同主体基于不同的立场有不同的价值取向,从而在实践上形成了一流学科建设三种不同的导向:政府的服务导向、高校的排名导向和学者的成果导向。三个主体追求不同,三个导向旨趣各异,严重削弱了一流学科建设的成效。知识转型带来学科建设的转型,一流学科建设必须坚持服务导向。在服务导向下实现三个主体价值取向的统一,需要政府确保相关政策在服务导向上的一致和统一,需要高校改变学科建设的管理方式和科研评价办法。

The first-class discipline construction involves three entities,namely,government,university,and scholar.Based on different standpoints,the different entities have different value orientations,which lead to three different guiding principles for the construction of the first-class disciplines in practice,i.e.the service guiding principle of the government,the ranking competition guiding principle of the university and the accomplishment guiding principle by scholars.The different pursuits and different interests guided by the principles of the three entities have seriously weakened the effectiveness of the first-class discipline construction.As knowledge transformation has brought about the transformation of discipline construction,the first-class discipline construction must adhere to the service guiding principle.In order to achieve a unity of the three value orientations under the service guiding principle,the government needs to ensure the consistency and unification of relevant policies in service guiding principle,and the university needs to improve the management methods and evaluation methods on scientific research in discipline construction.