基于智慧公交平台的公交政策性亏损补贴测算

Estimating policy-loss subsidy of public transport based on smart bus platform

针对政府对常规公交政策性亏损和经营性亏损测算范围划分不明确,测算指标数据不精准,造成部分公交企业入不敷出、公交服务质量下降等问题,在修正原有的常规公交企业标准成本的基础上,采用标准成本代替运营成本、结合新能源公交补贴等公交优先政策,明确划分补贴范围,建立以客流量、票价类型和公交车辆类型为基础变量的公交政策性亏损补贴综合测算模型.避免传统企业和部门统计数据的误差,充分利用智慧公交管理平台,挖掘实时数据进行模型参数标定.结果表明:基于智慧公交数据的政策性亏损补贴测算方法可避免政策性亏损与公交企业自身经营性亏损的混淆,解决由于政府补贴不合理而造成的常规公交企业运营质量下降等问题.

Some bus enterprises are difficult to make ends meet,and the quality of bus services is declining in some cities.The reason is that the bus policy losses and operating losses are not clearly divided,and there lacks accurate data for measuring indexes.To solve the problems,a comprehensive measurement model for policy-loss subsidy was established with passenger number,fare types and vehicle types as variables.The range of bus policy-loss subsidy was defined,and the revised standard cost was introduced to replace the operating cost with considering the latest policies of new energy bus subsidies.To avoid the statistic error from traditional enterprises and statistics departments,the smart bus management platform was fully utilized to mine the real-time data for the calibration of model.The results show that based on the smart bus data,the proposed model can improve the declining operation quality of bus enterprises caused by unreasonable government subsidies,and can also avoid the confusion between operating losses and policy losses.