进口、企业绩效与国民福利——文献回顾及对中国贸易强国建设的启示

Imports,Firm Performance and National Welfare:Review and Implications

扩大进口既是新时代贸易强国建设的重要组成部分,也是其具体实现路径。本文回顾并梳理了近年来基于中国背景的以"进口"为研究主题的主要代表性文献。现有研究一方面从加剧市场竞争和改善生产投入两个渠道,考察了进口对生产率、研发创新、成本加成和出口行为等企业绩效的影响;另一方面测算了进口对消费者福利的影响,为以进口促进新时代贸易强国建设提供了重要启示。在此基础上,本文还分析了已有研究的不足,并从影响进口的因素、进口对国内服务业发展的推动以及进口对国内产业空间布局的优化三个方面,展望了未来值得进一步深入和拓展的研究方向,以激发学术界对进口与新时代贸易强国建设这一重大理论和现实问题展开更加深入的思考和研究。

Expanding imports is both part and path of making China a trade power in the New Era.This paper reviews main literatures about imports based on Chinese background in recent years.The existing literatures examine the impacts of imports on the firm performance,such as TFP,R&D,innovation,markup,and exports through increasing market competition channel and improving inputs of production channel,meanwhile,estimate the impacts of imports on consumer welfare,which provides important implications for making China a trade power through expanding imports in the New Era.This paper also analyzes the shortcomings of the existing literatures and provides three suggestions for further research in the future,including factors affecting imports,the promotion of imports to domestic service sectors and the impacts of imports on the location of domestic industries,in order to stimulate more deeply thinking and research on the topic of making China a trade power through expanding imports in the New Era.