10-23脱氧核酶介导的生物传感器研究进展

Research Progress on 10-23 DNAzyme Mediated Biosensors

近20年间,DNA介导的生物传感器得到了快速的发展,DNA能够作为遗传信息重要载体的同时,其折叠成的空间构象也具有很多的功能。功能核酸的概念逐渐引入到了包括生物传感、生物成像、医疗在内的重要领域中。10-23脱氧核酶作为功能核酸的一种,是通过体外筛选技术得到的,Mg^(2+)存在的条件下能够特异性识别并切割RNA,切割位点为RNA中的嘧啶与嘌呤间的磷酸二酯键。由于其独特的识别以及切割能力,10-23脱氧核酶介导的相关疾病治疗得到了广泛的应用,同时人们逐渐开始关注10-23脱氧核酶介导的生物传感器的搭建。对于10-23脱氧核酶的结构、性质、作用方式及改进修饰进行了介绍,并对10-23脱氧核酶介导的生物传感器的搭建及应用进行了综述,旨为人们在未来使用10-23脱氧核酶搭建新型快捷生物传感器奠定理论基础。

In the past two decades,many DNA-based biosensors emerged and developed rapidly.While the main role of DNA is genetic information container,its folded space structure is functional as well.The theories and applications of functional nucleic acids have been involved in many critical fields such as biosensor,bioimaging and medication.As one of them,10-23 DNAzyme of a functional nucleic acid was obtained using in vitro selection technology.It can be made to specifically recognize and cleave any targeted RNA substrate at cleavage site of phosphodiester bond between pyrimidine and purine at the presence of Mg^2+.Because of its special identification and cleavage ability,10-23 DNAzyme mediated disease treatment has been applied widely;also 10-23 DNAzyme mediated biosensors have been established.In this paper,we present the structure,property,action mechanism,and modification of 10-23 DNAzyme;meanwhile,we summarize the establishment and application of 10-23 DNAzyme-mediated biosensors,aiming at providing theoretical basis to guide people to develop new 10-23 DNAzymemediated biosensors.