基于评价的水资源优化模型适用性比较

Applicability comparison of water resources optimization model based on effect evaluation

为了比较不同目标的水资源优化配置模型在黑河中游的适用性,在充分考虑地表径流随机性的基础上,分别构建以灌区农业水生产力最大、农业灌溉损失最小、净经济效益最大为目标函数的灌区水资源优化配置模型,并引入多指标综合评价法以及熵权法对3个优化模型的配置结果进行综合效应评价.评价结果显示,基于黑河中游水资源利用现状,以灌区农业水生产力最大为目标函数的模型,更适合现阶段黑河中游灌区水资源配置要求.使用灌溉水生产力最大为目标函数的优化模型,对有限水资源进行优化后的配水方案整体用水比现状水平年减少了3. 34×108m3,灌溉水生产力增加了0. 453 kg/m3,用水成本比实际减少了4. 21×107元.评价结果验证了水资源优化配置模型方案评价的可行性.

In order to compare the applicability of water resource optimal allocation models with diffe-rent objectives,including maximum agricultural water productivity,minimum agricultural irrigation loss and maximum net economic efficiency,in the middle reaches of the Heihe River Basin,optimal water allocation models with fully considering the stochastic character of surface water were developed.The multi-index comprehensive evaluation method and the entropy weighted model were introduced to eva-luate the effectiveness of the three optimization models.Evaluation results show that the model of the maximum agricultural water productivity as the objective function in the irrigation area is more suitable for the water resources allocation requirements in the middle reaches of the Heihe River Basin from the comparison of the water resources utilization.Through optimization model with objective of maximum agricultural water productivity,the overall water consumption of the water allocation plan has decreased 3.34×10^8 m^3,the irrigation water productivity has increased 0.453 kg/m^3,and the water costs have decreased by 4.21×10^7 Yuan.The obtained results verify the feasibility of the water resources optimization model.