陶渊明《答庞参军》二首系年辨正

The Chronology of Two Poems of A Reply to Adviser Pang by Tao Yuanming

陶渊明有作于春天的《答庞参军》五言诗一首和作于同年冬天的同题四言诗一首。对于二诗的系年,旧有二说。陶澍认为作于宋少帝景平元年(423)。逯钦立则主张作于宋文帝元嘉元年(424)。如果细加考察,会发现二说都与史实龃龉,陶说犹难通。如要时、地、人、事都吻合,这两首诗只可能作于元嘉二年(425)。

Tao Yuanming wrote one five-character poem of A Reply to Adviser Pang in spring and one four-character poem of the same title in winter of the same year.There were two opinions about the chronology of the two poems in the past.Tao Shu thought that they were written in the first year of Jingping during the rule of Song Shaodi(423).Lu Qinli advocated that they were written in the first year of Yuanjia during the rule of Song Wendi(424).If we explore the issee deeply,we will find that the two opinions are at odds with historical facts,and Tao’s statement is particularly difficult to understand.If we want to make the time,places,people and events completely coincide with each other,these two poems can only be written in the second year of Yuanjia(425).