朱熹论“忠恕一贯”之道发微

Zhu Xi's theory of “Loyalty and Forgiveness”

"忠恕之道"本是先秦儒家人际交往行为之圭臬,但经后世朱熹等儒家学者的注疏递嬗而意涵不彰。朱熹更是站在理学的高度,分别从天地、圣人、学者的层面,运用"理一分殊"范式,从本体论,体用论,对"忠恕之道"进行了建构。这种建构缩小了"忠恕之道"的内涵与外延,且与基督教的"黄金定律"相比,在传播意义上,缺乏经典表述。其实,先秦儒家"已所不欲,勿施于人。"和"施诸己而不愿,亦勿施于人。"二者,紧密结合,是对"忠恕之道"的经典阐释。

“The Way of Loyalty and Forgiveness”was originally the norm of Confucian interpersonal behavior in the pre-Qin Dynasty,but the implication is not clear,by the later generations of Zhu Xi and other Confucian scholars'annotation.Standing at the height of Neo-Confucianism,Zhu Xi constructed the way of loyalty and forgiveness from the perspective of heaven and earth,sages and scholars respectively,which used the paradigm of“one reason,one difference”and from a perceptive of ontology and pragmatics.This construction reduced the connotation and extension of the theory of“Loyalty and Forgiveness”.And compared with the“golden law”of Christianity,the theory lacks classical expression in the sense of communication.In fact,combined the Well-known saying“What you do not wish upon yourself,extend not to others.”With“Do not give to others when you give yourself up.”in pre Qin is a classical interpretation of“Loyalty and Forgiveness”.