贾府的经济困境与大观园之梦的破灭——《红楼梦》的人文经济学考察之一

The Economic Predicament of Jia Fu and the Disillusionment of the Dream of Grand View Garden——One of the Humanities Economics Studies in A Dream of Red Masions

人文经济学认为,在社会生活中,人的意志常常可以对生活发挥直接影响,但经济因素的影响往往更为持久和巨大。《红楼梦》中大观园的兴衰历程,就是在人的意志与经济因素的交互影响下展开的。王熙凤主持家务期间,虽然面对着沉重的经济压力,但看在元春和贾母的份上,坚持不把大观园纳入常规管理的范围,显示了个人意志的直接作用。而持续增长的经济压力,最终导致了将大观园纳入常规管理即开源节流和裁员的范围,扰攘的尘俗气息因而弥漫于其中,晴雯、芳官等人横遭撵逐,大观园逐渐成了不适合宝黛居住的一个地方。这些事实表明,宝玉的大观园之梦的破灭,贾府的经济困境起着至关重要的作用;个人意志的力量,不足以与经济因素的影响力抗衡。

Humanistic economics believes that in social life,human will often have a direct influence on life,but the influence of economic factors is often more lasting and huge.The rise and fall of the Grand View Garden in A Dream of Red Mansions is carried out under the interaction of human will and economic factors.During Wang Xifeng’s presiding over housework,although she faced heavy economic pressure,in the face of Yuanchun and Jia Mu,she insisted that the Grand View Garden should not be included in the scope of routine management.These showed the direct effect of individual will.However,the continued growth of economic pressure eventually led to the inclusion of Grand View Garden into the regular management,that is,the scope of open source and cut-offs and layoffs.These have caused the Grand View Garden to be filled with the bustling and mundane atmosphere.Qingwen,Fangguan and others were smashed,and the Grand View Garden gradually became an unsuitable place for Xue Baochai and Lin Daiyu.These facts show that economic predicament of Jia Fu plays a vital role in the destruction of Baoyu’s dream of Grand View Garden;the power of individual will is not enough to compete with the influence of economic factors.