内部治理机制对农民合作社盘活资源绩效的影响——来自山西省左权县易地扶贫搬迁地区的证据

The effect of internal governance mechanism of cooperatives of peasants on their performance in revitalization of resources——evidence from relocation areas of Zuoquan County,Shanxi Province

随着我国易地扶贫搬迁的加快推进,移民区将出现大量闲置资源,如何有效利用这些资源成为当前一个突出问题。关注农民合作社在盘活迁出村闲置资源中的作用,以农民合作社盈利能力和稳定能力反映其盘活资源绩效,结合山西省左权县的三个农民合作社案例分析了合作社内部治理机制如何影响其盘活资源绩效。通过比较案例分析发现,工商资本领办型农民合作社虽然有资金优势,但较难形成与农民合作共赢的治理机制,限制了其盘活迁出村资源的能力;大户领办型农民合作社更容易在信任的基础上形成有利于盘活乡村资源的决策机制、激励机制和监督机制,但对社员退出的约束力较差,可能对其在经营困境下的稳定性造成影响;村干部领办型合作社更可能基于村中社会资本形成有利于盘活迁出村资源的决策机制、激励机制和约束机制,鼓励这类合作社发展是盘活迁出村资源的有效途径。

With the rapid development of China's poverty alleviation and relocation, a lot of idle resources will be discarded in the moved-out areas, and how to effectively use these resources will become a prominent problem. This paper focuses on the role of cooperatives of peasants in the revitalization of idle resources in the moved-out villages. Reflecting performance in the revitalization of resources of cooperatives of peasants with their profitability and stability, this paper analyzes how the internal governance mechanism of cooperatives affects their performance in the revitalization of idle resources in the moved-out villages based on the case of three cooperatives of peasants in Zuoquan County, Shanxi Province. By comparative case analysis, this paper finds that although enterprise-leading cooperatives always have advantage of capital, it is difficult for them to form a governance mechanism which is win-win cooperation with farmers, and thus limits their ability to revitalize resources of moved-out villages. For large-leading type cooperatives, it is easier for them to form decision-making mechanism, incentive mechanism and supervision mechanism which are conducive to revitalize resources of moved-out villages on the basis of trust, but the restrictive to the members' exit is always weak, which may have a negative impact on the stability of cooperatives during difficult periods. Village-cadre-leading cooperatives are more likely to form effective decision-making mechanism, incentive mechanism and restraint mechanism based on social capital in the village, so it could be an effective way to promote the development of such cooperatives to revitalize the resources of moved-out villages.