牡丹组培苗室外驯化栽培及成活机理

Domestication Cultivating at Outdoor and Survival Mechanism of Tissue Culture Plantlets of Itoh Hybrids

为揭示不同牡丹品种和设施间的差异,以国外引进的21个伊藤牡丹品种数千株组培苗为试材,以国内过去惯常采用的牡丹驯化栽培方法为对照,对影响牡丹组培苗室外驯化和大田移栽成活的技术措施及其机理进行了研究。结果表明:可有效保障组培苗室外移栽成活的主要因素和措施为培育健全壮苗、春季适期移栽、场所和设施通风良好、栽前要去叶留芽解休眠、栽植深度应露出根颈部、根据苗子大小适时换盆、基质疏松透水透气、严格消毒灭菌、科学管理及病虫害防治。同时也分析了其成活机理,找出了我国过去牡丹组培不能成功应用于生产的原因与对策,还总结了不同品种和设施间成活率的差异。

In order to reveal the differences between different peony varieties and facilities,listing 21 cultivars of Itoh hybrids and 3 600 tissue culture plants as test materials,and we habituated way adopted and result in China in the past,studied domestication at outdoor and survival mechanism of tissue culture plants of Itoh hybrids.The results showed that the key technical points were as follows,cultivation of sound plantlet,timely transplanting in spring,the place and facilities had well ventilated,dormancy breaking before transplanting,the depth of planting should expose the root neck,change pots according to plantlet size,the matrix are loose and breathable,strict disinfection and sterilization,scientific management and pest control,etc.At same time,we analyzed the survival mechanism,found out the causes and countermeasures of failure in the past in China,summarized the differences of the survival rates of different cultivars and culture facilities.