民办幼儿园政府依法监管的困境与出路

The Dilemma and Outlet of the Government Supervising Private Kindergartens According to Law

在学前教育市场化过程中,教育财政分配的公私之分、区域差异及前期投入的不足,加之"二孩政策"的全面放开,致使学前教育服务市场长期供需失衡,停留于卖方市场,学前教育的公共性受到市场主体私人性的破坏;在政府监管体系和学前教育法制体系尚未完善的情况下,民办幼儿园在校生的权益时受侵害。在国家亲权主义及儿童权利本位的要求下,我国政府应当把学前教育由一项社会福利转变为公共服务,突出国家在学前教育服务供给中的主导作用,制定儿童权益保护标准,提高师资供给质量,改善教师生存环境,依托互联网之便利,运用"网格化"和"大联动"的监管方式,完善教育行政监管机制。

In the process of marketization of preschool education,the public-private distribution of educational finance,the regional differences and inadequate investment in the early stage and the comprehensive opening-up of the“two-child policy”have led to the long-term imbalance of supply and demand in the preschool education service market.The service market of preschool education is still in the seller’s market.The publicity of preschool education is seriously damaged by the privatization of market participants.In the case that the government supervision system and the preschool education legal system have not been perfected,the rights and interests of children in private kindergartens are often infringed.Under the requirements of national parentalism and children’s rights standard,Chinese government should actively change preschool education from social welfare to public service,highlight the leading role of the state in the supply of preschool education services,formulate standards for the protection of children’s rights and interests,improve the quality of teachers’supply and teachers’living environment.The regulatory authorities should rely on the convenience of the Internet and use the supervision methods of“gridization”and“great linkage”to improve the supervision mechanism of education administration.