“体质”到“健康促进”:我国学生体质研究的热点嬗变

From “Physique” to “Health Promotion”:Evolution of Hotspots in the Study of Students' Physique in China

通过CNKI"中文社会科学引文索引",以"学生体质"为主题,检索出913篇文献为研究对象,运用文献计量学工具Cite Space对我国学生体质研究文献的关键词突现、共现和时区等进行分析,揭示近20年来我国学生体质研究的热点嬗变,为我国学生体质的进一步研究提供借鉴。结果发现:(1)我国学生体质研究20年来成果丰硕,经历了以"大学生体质"(1998—2002)、"学生体质健康标准"(2003—2008)和"青少年体质健康促进"(2009—2017)为主题的3个演进阶段。(2)我国学生体质研究紧紧围绕国家政策,高等院校是学生体质研究领域的核心力量。(3)我国学生体质关注的对象逐步从"大学生"转变为"青少年",研究热点从"学生体质"逐步转变为促进学生"体质健康";学校体育、体质健康和体育教育是过去和今后一段时间学生体质研究的热点;体质健康促进是我国学生体质研究的前沿。建议:学生体质研究应延伸到学校体育之外,加强学生生活方式和运动干预方法的研究;我国学生体质健康促进政策的制定和研究应重视从体质化到健康化的递进,加强青少年健康和健身知识教育,引入第三方督导和评价。

This paper retrieved 913 literatures as the research object by selecting "students' physique" as the key "theme" from CNKI "Chinese Social Science Citation Index" databases,then used CiteSpace to analyze the keywords' burst,co-occurrence and time zone,which revealed the hotspots evolution of students' physique during recent 20 years to provide reference for further research on students' physique in China.The results show that:1) Research on students' physique in China has achieved fruitful results and undergone three evolution stages:"college students' physique"(1998-2002),"students' physique health standard"(2003-2008) and "teenagers' physique health promotion"(2009-2017).2)Researches on students' physique in China are closely related to the national policies.Colleges and universities are the core force in the research field of students' physique.3) The research object of students' physique in China has gradually changed from "college students" to "teenagers",and the research focus has gradually changed from "students' physique" to "promoting physique health".School sports,physique health and physical education are hot topics in the future as in the past.Physique health is the front edge of students' physique research in China.Suggestions are as follows:1) Students' physique research should extend beyond school physical education and strengthen the study of students' lifestyle and exercise intervention methods.2) The policy and research of promoting students' physique health should attach importance to the gradual progress from physique-oriented to health-oriented,and the education of youngsters' health and fitness knowledge should be strengthened and the third-party should be used to supervise and evaluate student health promotion policy in China.