奥马哈问题分类系统在青光眼术后康复期护理评估中的应用

Application of the Omaha Problem Classification Scheme in nursing assessment of patients recovering from glaucoma surgery

目的探讨奥马哈问题分类系统在青光眼患者术后康复期护理评估中的应用效果。方法以奥马哈问题分类系统为评估工具,对150例青光眼术后康复期患者通过系统观察、访谈、护理查体、查阅实验室和辅助检查资料等方式收集、分析、归类护理问题。结果 150例青光眼患者术后康复期共存在1 779个护理问题,平均11.86个/例,其中生理领域占36.8%、健康相关行为领域占34.7%,心理社会领域占21.9%,环境领域占6.6%。患者出院时存在的10个主要护理问题依次为视觉(100%)、心理健康(94.7%)、神经-肌肉-骨胳功能(92.0%)、身体活动(88.7%)、自我照顾(76.7%)、社交(69.3%)、疼痛(65.3%)、收入(57.3%)、睡眠和休息形态(53.3%)、药物治疗方案(51.3%)。结论奥马哈问题分类系统能全面分类评估出青光眼患者术后康复期护理问题,有利于针对性护理,从而促进患者康复。

Objective To investigate the effect of applying Omaha Problem Classification Scheme (Omaha PCS) in nursing assessment of patients recovering from glaucoma surgery.Methods The Omaha PCS was used to guide the caring of 150 patients recovering from glaucoma surgery by nurses′systematic observation,interviews with the patients,performing physical examination,reviewing laboratory and auxiliary examination data.Then the patients′ nursing problems were fully collected,analyzed and classified for holistic nursing care.Results A total of 1,779 nursing problems were recorded,with an average of 11.86 problems per patient.The problems in physiological domain accounted for 36.8%,health-related behaviors domain for 34.7%,psychosocial domain for 21.9%,and environmental domain for 6.6%.The top 10 nursing problems found at discharge lay in vision (100%),mental health (94.7%),neuro-musculo-skeletal function(92.0%),physical activity (88.7%),personal care (76.7%),social contact (69.3%),pain (65.3%),income (57.3%),sleep and rest patterns(53.3%),and medication regimen (51.3%).Conclusion Application of Omaha PCS could help nurses fully identify nursing problems of patients recovering from glaucoma surgery,and direct precise and personalized nursing interventions,which boost patient recovery.