护士安全文化认知现状及影响因素分析

Nurses′perception of patient safety culture and the influencing factors

目的了解三甲医院临床护理人员安全文化认知现状及其影响因素、各维度权重,为提升临床护士安全意识的干预提供参考。方法采用改进后的患者安全文化调查问卷,对某三甲医院共1 502名护士进行调查,采用因子分析法确定安全文化各维度权重。结果护士安全文化总分为(3.69±0.35)分,各维度分别为安全文化现状(3.40±0.35)分,上司/护士长安全文化态度(3.86±0.55)分,安全信息沟通及交流情况(3.84±0.48)分,不良事件报告情况(3.60±0.81)分,患者安全评估(3.45±0.85)分,医院安全氛围(3.94±0.50)分。不同护龄、职称、学历、科室、是否接受过安全培训的护士,其安全文化总分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。不良事件报告情况(0.257)、医院安全氛围(0.159)和安全消息沟通与交流(0.158)3个维度权重较大。结论护士的安全文化认识较积极,但仍存在问题,应针对影响因素及不良事件报告情况予以干预,全方位营造医院安全文化氛围,保障患者安全。

Objective To understand the status and influencing factors of nurses′ perception of patient safety culture in a top 3A hospital,to determine the weights of each dimension,and to provide targeted suggestions and strategies for improving safety awareness of clinical nurses.Methods A total of 1 502 nurses from a top 3A hospital were surveyed using the modified Patient Safety Culture Questionnaire.Factor analysis was used to determine the weights of each dimension of the instrument.Results The total score of nurses′ perception of patient safety culture was (3.69±0.35),with the dimensions scoring (3.40±0.35) for safety culture status,(3.86±0.55) for safety/cultural attitude of superiors/head nurses,(3.84±0.48) for safety information communication,(3.60± 0.81) for frequency of adverse event reporting,(3.45±0.85) for patient safety assessment,and (3.94±0.50) for evaluation of hospital safety atmosphere.There were statistical differences in the safety culture scores of nurses at different age groups,with different titles,academic degress,working in varied departments,and ever receiving safety training or not (P<0.05,P < 0.01 ).Three dimensions of adverse event reporting,hospital safety atmosphere and safety information communication had the highest weights,being 0.257,0.159 and 0.158 respectively.Conclusion Nurses have positive perception regarding patient safety culture,yet there is still some problems.Measures should be taken to target the factors influencing nurses′ perception of patient safety culture and nurses′ reporting of adverse event,and create safety culture in the hospital,so as to guarantee patient safety.