抗战时期贵州粮食统制政策探析

Study on the Grain Control Policy in Guizhou During the Anti-Japanese War

抗战时期,贵州紧随中央步伐对粮食实施统制,包括田赋收归中央、田赋"三征"(即田赋征实、征购粮食与粮食征借)、提高粮食产量、对粮价进行平抑等措施。与此同时,国民政府将粮食统制政策与孙中山民生主义"耕者有其田"的理念结合,对土地进行测量、登记。粮食统制政策在贵州省取得了不错的进展。以《贵阳市政》中记载的贵阳市为例,1942年12月贵阳市粮价指数与物价指数比为1∶3,粮价指数远较物价平稳,粮价整体稳定且在一定时期内略有下降。粮食问题的基本解决,对于稳定民心、取得持久抗战的最终胜利具有重要的意义。

During the Anti-Japanese War,Guizhou followed the central government to control the grain implementation,and achieved certain results through the three measures of land tax,food production and management,food price suppression and land registration. The implementation process of the grain control policy was combined with the livelihood thought from Sun Yat-sen. Guiyang,as recorded in Guiyang municipal,the food price index in December 1942 is 1:3,and the food price index is far more stable. The basic solution to the food problem is of great significance to the stability of the people and the final victory of the lasting war of resistance.