乌克兰职业教育现状与发展趋势研究

Research on the Present Situation and Trend of the Development of Vocational Education in Ukrainian

乌克兰职业技术教育独具特色,其职业技术教育与培训体系相对完善.学生在职业技术学校学习期间,可以接受普通中等教育和职业培训;基础学校毕业生有可能继续在高级普通中学、专业贸易学校、技术学校或职业学校接受教育;高等职业教育主要在大专院校完成.职业教育质量保障体系以及治理体系较完善,但受政治和经济环境影响,职业教育发展的宏观环境并不乐观.近年来,教育管理的权力下放和经济改革为职业技术教育与培训创造了新的机会.在未来,如何及时改革职业技术教育与培训质量及其教学方式,使之更好地符合社会发展需求,则成为主要任务.

Ukrainian vocational and technical education is unique in its relatively complete education and training system.Students can receive general secondary education or vocational training at vocational and technical schools.Elementary school graduates may continue to receive education in high-level general secondary schools,professional trade schools,technical schools or vocational schools.Higher vocational education is mainly completed in colleges and universities.The quality assurance system and the governance system of vocational education are almost perfect.Due to the political and economic environment,the macro environment for the development of vocational education is not optimistic.In recent years,decentralization and economic reforms in education management have created new opportunities for vocational and technical education and training.In the future,the main task is the timely reform on quality of vocational and technical education or training and its teaching methods,which could make it better satisfy the needs of social development.