毛泽东现代性思想的三重开放性问题

Three Open Questions of Mao Zedong's Thought on Modernity

毛泽东在现代性问题上的理论姿态可以概括为现代化的张力与现代性焦虑的"力场",即学习现代化与规避西式现代性弊病的双重逻辑。毛泽东关于中国现代性问题的理论思考及其探索性实践的影响,并未随着时间的流逝而弱化,反而在特定历史阶段呈现出不断强化的趋势。毛泽东现代性思想为后世留下了三大开放性问题:一是在某种程度上基于"异域想象"维度所展开的资本主义现代性批判,如何过渡到完成在当前全球资本主义时代对西方现代话语霸权的理论突围;二是后发民族国家在建构自身现代性方案的探索性实践中,如何正确处理现代性的"共相"与"殊相"的张力关系;三是后革命时代氛围下,如何安置理想主义的激情问题。上述三重开放性问题以显性或隐性形式,不断影响着当代中国现代性的探索性建构。

Mao Zedong's theoretical attitudes towards the issue of modernity can be summarized as the"force field"which is constituted by the desire of modernization as well as anxiety,and this attitude is a dual logic of constructing modernization and evading the drawbacks of Western modernity.Mao Zedong's theoretical thinking on Chinese modernity and the impact of its exploratory practice have not weakened over time.On the contrary,it has shown a trend of continuous strengthening in certain historical stages.Mao Zedong's thought on modernity leave the later generations three"open questions".Firstly,how the criticism of capitalist modernity,launched in a"exotic imagination"breaks through the Western hegemony of modern discourse in the current global capitalist era.Secondly,how a late-starting national state correctly deal with the tension between the"common phase"and the"special phase"in the exploratory practice of constructing its own modernity pattern.Lastly,how we place idealism passion under the atmosphere of the post-revolutionary era.These three problems are constantly interrogating the exploratory construction of contemporary Chinese modernity in an explicit or implicit form.