“您”的敬称来源考探及其辞书释义

Honorifics Origin of Nin and Its Analysis of Dictionaries Interpretation

近现代汉语的"您"来源于"你们"的合音。从汉语历时发展来看,先后出现了表示第二人称复数(您1),第二人称单数(您2),和第二人单数敬称的用法(您3)。现今的辞书对于"您"的收录和解释,是将历时语言状况一齐放在共时平面来呈现的。关于"您"开始作为敬称的原因,与表数范畴关系不大,主要是由于带有尊敬色彩义的亲属词和"您"的长时间、高频率搭配,将尊敬色彩传染给"您"所致。

You(Nin) in old mandarin steamed from Ni-men. During the development of Chinese language, there are three different meaning of You(Nin).In modern dictionaries, all of three are selected into them. We regard it that the respected usage of You(Nin) is not from number of categories but from the its frequent combination with respected kinship terms in history.These kinship terms have transmitted respected meaning to You(Nin).