基于效益最大化的高铁快巴票价与发车频率研究

Research on fare and frequency for high-speed rail feeder buses based on the maximization benefits

高铁快巴基于乘客多样化需求而产生,旨在为选择高铁出行的乘客提供从高铁站直达目的地的高水平公交接驳服务.为提升乘客出行效益和社会效益,突出公共交通的公益性、集约性和绿色节能,结合高铁乘客的SP调查结果,从系统的角度出发,以社会效益和乘客效益最大化为目标,以企业成本为约束,建立基于乘客出行意愿的二元非线性模型,并利用lingo进行了求解.以北京南站开行的高铁快巴为案例,针对票价和发车频率进行了研究,并分析了分时段发车频率的确定方法.研究表明:相比于现状,优化后能够平均提升5%的综合效益,对实际的运营具有一定的指导意义.

The high-speed rail feeder bus is designed based on the diversified needs of passengers,providing high level services for high-speed rail passengers to get to their destinations from the rail station.To increase the benefit of passengers and society,stressing the public welfare,intensification,and energy-saving of the public transportation,a dual-nonlinear model is set up based on the passengers' SP survey at high-speed rail station,aiming at maximizing the social benefits and passenger benefits.Constraint of the bus company cost is also considered.The model is solved by lingo,and an example of Beijing South Railway Station is made.Both the fare and departure frequency are optimized,and the interaction between different variables are analyzed too.The results show that the integrated optimization for fare and frequency could enhance 5%of the overall benefit,which can contribute to the operation of the high-speed rail feeder buses.