早产儿喂养不耐受的原因分析与护理对策

Analysis of causes of feeding intolerance in premature infants and nursing strategies

目的分析出生体质量<2000 g早产儿喂养不耐受的原因,并总结护理干预对策。方法选取我院2016年1月至2018年4月收治的200例出生体质量<2000 g的早产儿作为研究对象,统计喂养不耐受患儿的发生率,并比较有无喂养不耐受患儿的临床资料,通过多因素logistic回归分析法分析影响出生体质量<2000 g早产儿喂养不耐受的危险因素,并根据上述危险因素以及患儿情况给予针对性的护理干预。结果200例出生体质量<2000 g早产儿中,喂养不耐受发生率为43. 00%(86/200);单因素分析结果显示,胎龄、出生体质量、开奶日龄、宫内窘迫、新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎以及使用氨茶碱是影响出生体质量<2000 g早产儿喂养不耐受的主要因素(P <0. 05);多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,胎龄、出生体质量、开奶日龄、宫内窘迫、新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎以及使用氨茶碱为影响出生体质量<2000 g早产儿喂养不耐受的独立危险因素(P <0. 05)。结论出生体质量<2000 g早产儿喂养不耐受发生率较高,影响因素较多,应针对危险因素以及喂养不耐受患儿的具体情况给予针对性护理干预。

Objective To analyze the causes of feeding intolerance in premature infants with birth weight less than 2,000 g,and thereby summarize the nursing intervention strategies.Methods To analyze the risk factors affecting the feeding intolerance of premature infants with birth weight less than 2,000 g using multivariate logistic regression analysis,and thereby develop targeted nursing intervention in accordance with the above risk factors,200 cases of premature infants with birth weight less than 2,000 g admitted to our hospital from January 2016 to April 2018 were observed,from which the incidence of babies with feeding intolerance were counted,and the clinical data of those without feeding intolerance were reviewed and compared.Results Among 200 premature infants with birth weight less than 2,000 g,the incidence of feeding intolerance was 43.00%(86/200).Univariate analysis showed that gestational age,birth weight,the age of the first feeding,intrauterine distress,neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis,and use of aminophylline were the main factors affecting the feeding intolerance of premature infants with birth weight less than 2,000 g(P<0.05).Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that gestational age,birth weight,the age of the first feeding,intrauterine distress,neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis,and use of aminophylline were the independent risk factors affecting the feeding intolerance of premature infants with birth weight less than 2,000 g(P<0.05).Conclusion The incidence of feeding intolerance in premature infants with birth weight less than 2,000 g was high,and there were many factors involved.Targeted nursing intervention should be given according to the risk factors and the specific conditions of babies with feeding intolerance.