赋能健康教育对老年高血压合并糖尿病患者的影响

Effect of empowerment health education in elderly hypertensive patients with diabetes mellitus

目的探讨赋能健康教育对老年高血压合并糖尿病患者自我管理行为、健康知识水平的影响。方法将2016年1月至2017年6月我院收治的81例老年高血压合并糖尿病患者随机分为观察组42例和对照组39例,对照组给予常规健康教育,观察组在对照组基础上采用赋能健康教育。比较两组干预前、随访3月后血压及血糖情况即空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2 h血糖(2hPG)、收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)等;健康知识水平即糖尿病、高血压、高血脂知识量表(DHL)评分情况;生活质量即生活质量综合评定量表(GQOLI-74)评分情况;评估随访3个月时自我管理行为即高血压自我管理量表、糖尿病自我管理行为量表(SDSCA)评分情况。结果随访3个月后,两组FPG,2hPG,SBP,DBP指标水平均低于干预前(P <0. 05),观察组优于对照组(P <0. 05);两组DHL评分、GQOLI-74评分均高于干预前(P <0. 05),观察组优于对照组(P <0. 05);观察组高血压自我管理量表和SDSCA评分均高于对照组(P <0. 05)。结论赋能健康教育是改善老年高血压合并糖尿病患者自我管理行为的有效手段,有利于提高其健康知识水平、优化血压及血糖指标水平和生活质量。

Objective To explore the effects of empowerment health education on self-management behavior and health knowledge of elderly hypertensive patients with diabetes mellitus.Methods To divide 81 cases of elderly patients with hypertension and diabetes admitted to our hospital from January 2016 to June 2017 into observation group with 42 cases and control group with 39 cases randomly.Patients in the control group received routine health education,while patients in the observation group was treated by empowerment health education on the basis of routine health education.Before the intervention and after 3 months of follow-up,the following aspects of the patients in the two groups were compared,including blood pressure and blood glucose levels such as fasting plasma glucose(FPG),2 h postprandial blood glucose (2hPG),systolic blood pressure(SBP),diastolic blood pressure(DBP),etc.,health knowledge level,i.e.diabetes,hypertension and hyperlipidemia knowledge instrument(DHL) score,and quality of life,i.e.generic quality of life inventory (GQOLI-74) score.The self-management behavior,i.e.the hypertension self-management scale,and the summary of diabetes self care activities(SDSCA) scores of the two groups at the third months of follow-up were assessed.Results After 3 months of follow-up,the FPG,2hPG,SBP and DBP indices of the two groups were lower than those before the intervention(P<0.05),and the observation group was superior to the control group(P<0.05).The DHL and GQOLI-74 scores of the two groups were higher than those before the intervention(P<0.05),and the observation group was superior to the control group(P<0.05).The scores of hypertension self-management scale and SDSCA in the study group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion Empowerment health education is an effective means to improve self-management behaviors of elderly hypertensive patients with diabetes.It is beneficial to improve their health knowledge,as well as optimize blood pressure,blood glucose levels and quality of life.