藏猪行为学探究

Observation and Exploration of Tibetan Pig Behavior

藏猪行为学是藏猪适应内外环境变化而形成的一种日常表现行为,关乎藏猪选种选育和饲养管理。本研究对藏猪日常生活习性(活动、卧息、采食、饮水、打斗、排泄、配种、产仔、哺乳、异常)的观察结果进行了一系列的数据统计与分析。结果表明:(1)夜晚保育猪活动与卧息的时间与种公猪、哺乳母猪存在极显著差异(P<0.01)。(2)藏猪的饮食具有选择性和竞争性,采食和饮水往往同时进行,保育猪采食时间显著高于哺乳母猪和种公猪(P<0.05),且哺乳母猪全天的饮水次数要显著高于保育猪和种公猪(P<0.05)。(3)种公猪的打斗次数显著高于保育猪(P<0.05)。(4)哺乳母猪在哺乳前期与中后期的哺乳方式和哺乳时间差异显著(P<0.05)。藏猪的行为特性受到养殖模式和生存环境的影响,但同时也决定了藏猪饲养工艺和圈舍的设计。本研究为藏猪的良种选育和饲养管理提供了科学的理论依据。

Tibetan pig behavior is a kind of daily behavior which formed by Tibetan pigs adapting to the changes of internal and external environment, and it is related to breeding and management of Tibetan pigs. A series of data statistics and analysis on the observation results of the daily living habits(activity, sleeping, feeding, drinking, fighting, excretion, mating, breeding, lactation and abnormality) in Tibetan pigs were made in this study. The results showed that:(1) there was a significant difference between the time of keeping pigs and the rest of the night and the breeding of boars and suckling sows(P<0.01);(2) the diet of Tibetan pigs was selective and competitive, and the feeding and drinking of Tibetan pigs were often carried out at the same time, but the feeding time of conservation pigs was significantly longer than that of lactating sows and breeding boars(P<0.05);(3) the number of fights in boar breeding was significantly higher than that in conservation pigs(P<0.05);(4)lactation sows had significant differences in breastfeeding and breastfeeding time between pre-and post-feeding(P<0.05). The behavioral characteristics of Tibetan pigs were influenced by the breeding mode and living environment, but they also determined the breeding techniques and the design of house for Tibetan pig. This study provided a scientific theoretical basis for the breeding and breeding management of Tibetan pigs by exploring the behavior of Tibetan pigs.