多年生水稻田主要害虫种类及种群动态

Species and Population Dynamics of Main Pests at Perennial Rice Field

【目的】为了明确多年生水稻田间主要害虫种类、种群发生及为害情况,为多年生水稻害虫的研究及防治提供科学依据。【方法】通过扫网法、盘拍法和目测法,采取五点取样调查记录多年生水稻及当地常规水稻田间害虫种类和数量,并记录水稻的卷叶数及白穗、枯心苗数量;利用四分位法对主要害虫发生情况进行分析。【结果】通过系统调查,多年生水稻第1季和常规水稻田间水稻害虫均共17种,隶属5目12科,且主要害虫均为稻飞虱、钻蛀性螟虫(主要为二化螟和三化螟)和稻纵卷叶螟;多年生水稻第2季田间水稻害虫共13种,隶属4目8科,稻飞虱和稻纵卷叶螟为主要害虫,常规水稻害虫共12种,隶属5目10科,稻飞虱、钻蛀性螟虫(主要为二化螟和三化螟)和稻纵卷叶螟为主要害虫。多年生水稻田和当年常规稻田中主要害虫种群动态趋势基本一致,多年生水稻(第1季)田间稻飞虱主要发生期在分蘖期至孕穗期,第2季田间稻飞虱主要发生期在拔节期至扬花期,多年生水稻(第2季)稻飞虱种群数量高于第1季,多年生水稻田(第1季、第2季)稻飞虱种群数量均高于当年常规稻。多年生水稻(第1季、第2季)和常规水稻田间稻纵卷叶螟主要发生期均在抽穗期至乳熟期,多年生水稻第1季受稻纵卷叶螟为害同常规水稻差异不显著,多年生水稻(第2季)田间稻纵卷叶螟平均为害率显著高于第1季和当年常规水稻。【结论】多年生水稻(第1季)田间主要害虫种类及主要发生时期与常规水稻田基本一致;多年生水稻(第2季)受害虫为害较第1季更为严重。

[Purpose]To identify species of main pests at perennial rice field,analyze its population dynamics and occurrence,to provide a scientific basis for pest control at perennial rice field.[Method]With the sweep sampling,plate beating and visual inspection,the five points sampling method was used to record the number of insect species,roll leaves,white panicle and dead heart seedlings at perennial and conventional rice field.Quartile method was used to analyze the case of main insects occurrence.[Result]17 species of pests were collected at perennial rice field(the 1st season)and conventional rice field,the main pests were rice planthopper,Chilo suppressalis,Tryporyza incertulas and Cnaphalocrais medinalis;13 species of pests were collected at perennial rice field(the 2^nd season),the main pests were rice planthopper and C.medinalis,12 species of pests were collected at conventional rice field,the main pests were rice planthopper,C.suppressalis,T.incertulas and C.medinalis.The trend of the main pest population dynamics in the perennial rice fields and the conventional rice field was basically the same.At perennial rice field,the main season of rice planthopper was from tillering stage to booting stage at the 1^st season and from jointing stage to flowering stage at the 2^nd season,the population of planthopper in perennial rice(season second)was higher than the 1st season,and the population of planthopper in perennial rice(season 1^st and 2^nd)were higher than conventional rice.The main occurrence period of C.medinalis is from heading stage to milk ripening period whether it’s the perennial or conventional rice.In the 1^st season of perennial rice,the difference of the damage by C.medinalis between the perennial and conventional rice was not significant.The damage at the 2^nd season were significantly higher than the 1^st season and the conventional rice.[Conclusion]The species of main pests and their main season at perennial rice were the same as conventional rice,but the damage by main pests at the second season were higher.