津巴布韦烟草提取物制备工艺优化及化学成分研究

Study on the Preparation Process Optimization and Chemical Composition Analysis of the Zimbabwe Tobacco Extract

【目的】为确定津巴布韦烟草提取物的制备工艺,探索最佳工艺条件下烟草提取物的化学成分以及在成品卷烟中的添加量和对感官风格的影响。【方法】通过设计单因素试验,对比不同工艺参数,使用GC-MS对提取物挥发性致香成分和非挥发性成分进行分析,并对不同添加量的卷烟样品进行感官评价。【结果】(1)以得率和感官质量为综合判断标准,确定最佳料液质量比为1∶10、提取时间为75 min、乙醇体积分数为80%,在此工艺参数条件下得率为27.2%。(2)提取物中共分析出46种挥发性成分,其中,烟碱、茄酮、西柏三烯二醇、新植二烯等物质含量相对较高,分别为14.28%、6.77%、8.05%和5.15%。(3)在非挥发性成分中,有机酸的种类及含量占比较高,特别是苹果酸的含量达到18.5 mg/g。(4)经感官对比,提取物最佳添加量为0.3%。【结论】经该工艺制备的津巴布韦烟草提取物,特征化合物种类和含量丰富,能够使卷烟清香、甜香等风格特征增强,香气量和香气质提高,显著提升卷烟产品的抽吸品质。

[Purpose]In order to study the preparation of Zimbabwe tobacco extracts,determining the optimum process parameters,exploring the chemical composition of extracts under the optimum process conditions and the amount of added to the finished cigarettes and the effect on the sensory.[Method]Single factor experiments were designed,the Zimbabwe tobacco extracts were prepared under different processes,and the volatile aroma components and the non-volatile components of the extract were analyzed by GC/MS.Besides,the yield and sensory quality were taken as the criterion.[Results](1)The optimum ratio of material to solution was determined to be 1:10,the extraction time was 75 min,the volume fraction of ethanol was 80%and the yield was 27.2%.(2)A total of 46 volatile components were analyzed,the contents of nicotine,solanone,cembratriene-diol,neophytadiene were 14.28%,6.77%,8.05%and 5.15%.(3)The organic acids accounted for a higher proportion in the non-volatile components,especially the malic acid was 18.5 mg/g.(4)Sensory evaluation of the different amount of cigarettes was performed,by contrast,the best addition was 0.3%.[Conclusion]The Zimbabwe tobacco extract produced by this process had rich variety and content of characteristic compounds,which could enhance the style characteristics of cigarette,such as fragrance and sweetness,increase the aroma,improve the smoking quality prominently.