如何通过教学促进大学生主动学习?——美国大学STEM课堂教学评价系统PORTAAL研究及启示

How to Promote College Students' Active Learning by Teaching?Research and Enlightenment of American University STEM Classroom Teaching Evaluation System PORTAAL

PORTAAL是美国最新研发的大学STEM课堂教学评价系统,可用于评价教师在课堂上促进学生主动学习的教学行为。研发者运用PORTAAL在欧美多所大学STEM课堂上观察记录多位教师的课堂教学实践表明:PORTAAL评分高的教师,表现出更强的教学能力,高分教师更频繁地使用PORTAAL评价系统的21个要素,更显著地促进了学生的主动学习,学生学业质量提升非常明显。基于对PORTAAL的阐释与研究,我国大学教学评价尤其要从如何促进主动学习的角度,关注学生的学,多维度促进大学生主动学习并彰显评价的诊断与反馈功能。

PORTAAL is the newly developed teaching evaluation system for university STEM classroom in the United States.It evaluates the teaching behaviors of teachers in the classroom to promote students'active learning from the four dimensions of practice,logic development,accountability and apprehension reduction.With a profound theoretical foundation and substantial empirical support,it is widely used in the United States and gradually popularized.Based on the interpretation and research of PORTAAL,this paper aims to provide references for the teaching of higher education in China,especially from the perspective of how to promote active learning of college students:paying attention to students'learning in university teaching evaluation,promoting active learning of college students from multiple dimensions,demonstrating the diagnostic and feedback functions of the evaluation.