社区老年人不同衰弱状态下双重任务行走步态特征的研究

Research on gait characteristics under dual-task walking among the community elderly with different frailty states

目的探讨社区老年人双重任务行走步态特征及其与不同衰弱状况的关系。方法方便抽取社区老年人191例,根据简易衰弱量表(FRAIL)评分将老年人分为衰弱组(16例)、衰弱前期组(111例)和非衰弱组(64例),采用用一般问卷调查表、简易精神状态检查量表和便携式步态分析仪收集老年人基本资料和直线17 m双重任务行走时的步态参数,比较不同衰弱状态的老年人双重任务行走时的步态差异。结果不同衰弱状态的老年人双重任务行走时的步速、步频、步长、跨步时间比较,差异有统计学意义(均P <0. 01);衰弱前期组步速、步长显著低于非衰弱组(均P <0. 05),衰弱组步速、步频、步长、跨步时间显著低于非衰弱组和衰弱前期组(均P <0. 05)。结论双重任务的行走测试检测出社区老年人的步态性能出现紊乱,衰弱可加重步态进一步恶化。

Objective To investigate the relationship between dual-task-related gait features and different frailty states among community-elderly. Methods A total of 191 elderly patients with different frailty states were selected conveniently. According to their FRAIL scores,the elderly were divided into a frailty group( 16 cases),a pre-frailty group( 111 cases) and a non-frailty group( 64 cases). Basic data were collected by a general information questionnaire,and from the Mini-mental State Examination; a portable gait analyzer was used to record the gait parameters of the elderly while they were asked to walk a straight line of 17 m and simultaneously perform another task. Results There were significant differences in walking speeds,step frequency,step length and step time among the elderly with different frailty states( P < 0. 01 for all). The walking speed and step length of the pre-frailty group were significantly lower than those of the non-frailty group( P < 0. 05 for all); the walking speed,step frequency,step length and step time of the frailty group were significantly lower than the other 2 groups( P < 0. 05 for all). Conclusion The dual task walking test shows that the gait performance of the community elderly is disordering,and frailty aggravates further deterioration of gait.