磁性护理工作职场的建立与实践

Construction and practice of magnetic nursing workplace

目的构建磁性护理工作职场,以提升护士职业认可度,降低离职率。方法借鉴美国磁性医院评价体系,基于评价体系的磁性要素,结合医院护理发展状况,从转换管理角色、管理方式、工作环境、组织结构、职业规划和专业自主性6个方面实施一系列磁性举措,包括转换为变革型领导者、实施共享治理管理模式、提供支持性工作环境、构建扁平化组织架构、明确职业进阶模式、发挥护士专业自主性,创新性构建护理磁性工作职场。结果磁性护理工作职场构建后,护士满意度得分由构建前的(105. 10±6. 06)分提升至构建后的(116. 90±3. 87)分;护士离职率由构建初期的2. 75%逐渐降至1. 49%,保持在2%以下;住院患者满意度得分由构建前的(94. 50±6. 85)分提升至构建后的(104. 80±3. 12)分,出院患者满意度得分由构建前的(72. 00±3. 86)分提升至构建后的(80. 90±1. 79)分;专科护士人数逐年增加。结论以磁性为导向护理工作职场的构建与实践,体现护理管理的创新,有利于提升护士职业满意度,稳定护士队伍;切实改善患者就医体验,提高患者满意度。

Objective To construct magnetic nursing workplace, enhance professional recognition of nurses and reduce nurses′ tur- nover rate. Methods By drawing lessons from the magnetic hospital evaluation system in the US, referencing the magnetic elements of the evaluation system, as well as the development of hospital nursing care, we took a series of magnetic measures from six dimensions(transformation of management roles, management styles, work environment, organizational structure, career planning, and professional autonomy): turning the nursing leaders into transformational ones, implementing shared governance management model, providing supportive working environment, building a flat organizational structure, defining career progression mode, and giving full play to the professional autonomy of nurses, in order to construct magnetic nursing workplace innovatively. Results After construction of magnetic nursing workplace, the satisfaction score of nurses increased from (105.10±6.06) to (116.90±3.87). The turnover rate of nurses decreased from 2.75% in the early construction period to 1.49%, which remained below 2% onwards.The satisfaction degree of inpatients increased from the pre-construction (94.50±6.85) points to the post construction (104.80±3.12) points, and the satisfaction score of outpatients increased from the pre-construction (72.00±3.86) points to the post-construction (80.90±1.79) points. Therefore, the number of specialist nurses was increasing year by year. Conclusion Construction and practice of magnetic nursing workplace can reflect the innovation of nursing management.It is conducive to improve nurses′ professional satisfaction and stabilize nursing team, and to improve patients′ medical-seeking experience and patient satisfaction.