ICU备用呼吸机面板及进气端口细菌污染情况研究

Study on bacterial contamination of surface and inlet ports of standby ventilator in ICU

目的对ICU备用呼吸机进行微生物检测,明确呼吸机面板、进气端口的细菌污染情况,为规范呼吸机终末消毒管理提供依据。方法对使用呼吸机的9个ICU的28台备用呼吸机进气端口及呼吸机操作面板进行微生物检测,并通过现场观察和访谈明确备用呼吸机面板和进气端口常规处理措施落实情况。结果备用呼吸机面板微生物培养不合格率70. 37%,进气端口微生物培养不合格率10. 71%; 10台(35. 71%)备用呼吸机使用防尘面罩,18台(64. 29%)呼吸机进气端口采用呼吸机测试管或橡皮塞保护。采用防尘面罩处理的呼吸机面板微生物培养合格率显著高于未处理组(P <0. 01)。结论备用呼吸机面板细菌污染情况不容忽视,防尘面罩可减少呼吸机面板表面致病微生物污染。应对备用呼吸机面板和进气端口进行常规清洁消毒、及时遮盖防尘,安装细菌过滤器,降低备用呼吸机细菌污染风险。

Objective To run microbiological test for standby ventilators in the ICU, to clarify the bacterial contamination on the surface of the ventilator panel and the air inlet port, and provide the basis for standardizing the terminal disinfection management of the ventilators. Methods Microbiological tests were performed from samples harvested from the inlet ports and operating panels of 28 standby ventilators from 9 ICUs.At the meantime, through on-site observation and interviews, researchers tried to figure out implementation of routine treatment measures regarding the standby ventilator panels and inlet ports. Results The unqualified rate of microbial cultures on the surface of standby ventilator panels was 70.37%, and the unqualified rate of microbial cultures on the inlet port was 10.71%;10(35.71%) standby ventilators used dust-proof masks, and 18(64.29%) ventilator inlet ports were protected by ventilator test tubes or rubber stoppers.The qualified rate in microbial cultures of ventilator panels covered with dust mask was significantly higher than that in uncovered group ( P <0.01). Conclusion The bacterial contamination on the surface of standby ventilator panels can not be neglected, and dust-proof masks can reduce contamination by pathogenic microorganisms on the panel surface of ventilator. Therefore, the standby ventilator panels and inlet ports should be routinely cleaned and disinfected, and covered with dust-proof masks in time; bacterial filters should be installed to mitigate the risk of bacterial contamination of the standby ventilators.