罗定市脑卒中主要照顾者健康状况及社区护理需求调查

Survey on health status and community nursing needs of main caregivers in patients with stroke of Luoding city

目的调查脑卒中主要照顾者的健康状况及社区护理需求情况。方法选取2014年5月～2016年5月罗定市红十字会医院和罗定市罗成社区卫生服务中心就诊脑卒中患者的主要照顾者76例作为研究对象(主要照顾者组),使用简明健康状况量表(SF-36)和自编的社区护理需求调查问卷对主要照顾者的健康状况和社区护理需求进行调查分析。以刘东玲等的健康状况调查研究结果作为常模对照组,并进行比较分析。结果主要照顾者组的生理职能、躯体疼痛、生命活力、社会功能及情感职能的得分均明显低于常模对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),生理功能、总体健康及精神健康的得分与常模对照组比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。主要照顾者组社区护理需求Likert总分为(87.16±18.05)分,其中照顾所需知识及技能需求的护理需求率最高为84.21%,Likert评分为(40.75±8.62)分;社会支持服务护理需求率最低为63.16%,Likert评分为(22.29±5.08)分。Pearson相关性分析结果显示,主要照顾者组的健康状况分别与脑卒中相关知识需求(r=-0.140)、照顾所需知识及技能需求(r=-0.130)及社会支持服务(r=-0.199)均成负相关(P<0.01)。结论罗定地区脑卒中主要照顾者对社区护理需求较高且非常迫切。基层医院或社区卫生服务中心应定期评估主要照顾者的身体状况,了解其社区护理需求,并给予相应的帮助和支持。

Objective To investigate the health status and community nursing needs of the main caregivers in patients with stroke.Methods Altogether 76 main caregivers of patients with stroke treated in Luoding Red Cross Hospital and Luocheng Community Health Service Center from May 2014 to May 2016 were selected as the research subjects(main caregiver group),all of whom were assessed with the short form 36 health survey questionnaire(SF-36)and the self-made community nursing needs questionnaire to investigate and analyze their health status and community nursing needs.Taking Liu Dongling and other scholars′ health survey results as the norm control group,and a comparative analysis was conducted between the two groups.Results Physiological function,somatic pain,vitality,social function and emotional function scores of the main caregiver group were significantly lower than those of the norm control group with statistically significant differences(P<0.05),but the scores of physiologic function,general health and mental health of the main caregiver group had no statistically significant difference in contrast with the norm control group(P>0.05).The total Likert score of community nursing demand of the primary caregiver group was(87.16±18.05)points,among which the nursing demand rate of nursing knowledge and skills requirements was highest(84.21%)with the Likert score of(40.75±8.62)points and the nursing demand rate of social support service was lowest(63.16%)with the Likert score of(22.29±5.08)points.Pearson correlation analysis showed that the health status of the main caregivers was negatively correlated with stroke-related knowledge needs(r=-0.140),care-related knowledge and skills needs(r=-0.130)and social support services(r=-0.199)respectively(P<0.01).Conclusion The main caregivers of patients with stroke in Luoding district have a higher and more urgent demand for community care.Primary hospitals or community health service centers should regularly assess the physical condition of primary caregivers,understand their community care needs,and give corresponding help and support.