有机肥与化肥配施对土壤微生物及烟叶品质的影响

Effects of Combined Application of Organic Fertilizer and Chemical Fertilizer on Soil Microorganism and Tobacco Quality

在曲靖市宣威烟区,通过田间试验研究了两种有机肥与无机肥按不同比例配施对植烟土壤综合肥力、土壤微生物数量、云烟105烟叶综合品质的影响。结果表明:氨基酸菜籽饼肥和甲壳素氨基酸有机肥与无机肥按不同比例配施均能在一定程度上提高土壤微生物数量和土壤综合肥力;在烤烟生长发育期间,所有处理植烟土壤中微生物数量均呈先增加后降低的变化趋势,且均在现蕾期达到最大值;与施用烟草专用复合肥(CK)相比,30%甲壳素氨基酸有机肥与70%无机肥混施处理能显著提高烤烟现蕾期土壤细菌、真菌和放线菌的数量(P<0.05),分别提高了490.90%、93.02%和39.58%;该配施处理还使植烟土壤综合肥力和烟叶综合品质分别较CK提高了22.64%和10.71%。

A field experiment was carried out to study the effects of the combined application of two kinds of organic fertilizers(chitin amino acid organic fertilizer and amino acid rapeseed cake fertilizer)and inorganic chemical fertilizer in various proportions on the soil comprehensive fertility,soil microorganism quantity,and tobacco leaf(Yunyan 105)comprehensive quality in Xuanwei,Qujing city.The results showed that the combined application of two kinds of organic fertilizers and inorganic chemical fertilizer in different proportions all could increase the soil microorganism quantity and soil comprehensive fertility to a certain extent.In flue-cured tobacco growth and development period,the soil microorganism quantity in all treatments exhibited the change trend of increasing first and then decreasing,and it reached the maximum value at flower-bud stage.In comparison with the control(CK)which applied the compound fertilizer specially for tobacco,the combined application of 30%chitin amino acid organic fertilizer and 70%inorganic chemical fertilizer could significantly(P<0.05)enhance the quantity of soil bacteria,fungi and actinomycetes at tobacco flower-bud stage by 490.90%,93.02%and 39.58%,respectively,and also could improve the soil comprehensive fertility and tobacco leaf comprehensive quality by 22.64%and 10.71%,separately.